으로써
eurosseo
by means of; with (as material/tool)
Attaches to a noun to mark the material an object is made from, the tool, method, or means used to do something, the closing point of everything said or done up to now, or -- less commonly -- the reason for something.
Form
- Attaches to
- Noun
- Other shapes
- 로써
Meanings
- 1
A postpositional particle that indicates the material or ingredients of an object.
어떤 물건의 재료나 원료를 나타내는 조사.
- 2
A postpositional particle that indicates a tool, method, or way used to do something.
어떤 일을 하는 데 쓰이는 도구나 수단, 방법을 나타내는 조사.
- 3
A postpositional particle used to indicate everything that has been said or done until the point of the preceding statement is included.
앞말이 나타내는 것을 끝으로 이제까지 말한 내용이나 있었던 일을 포함하는 뜻을 나타내는 조사.
- 4
A postpositional particle that indicates the preceding statement is the cause of the following statement.
앞에 오는 말이 뒤에 오는 말의 이유가 됨을 나타내는 조사.
※ ‘-ㅁ으로써’로 쓴다.
Examples
지수는 버리려던 폐품으로써 멋진 서랍장을 만들어 냈다.
Jisu made a wonderful drawer chest out of junk she was going to throw away.
나는 흙으로써 이렇게 아름다운 도자기를 구워 낼 수 있다는 게 신기했다.
I was amazed that such beautiful pottery could be made from clay.
약속 못 지켜서 정말 미안해. 됐어. 난 이제 네 말이라면 콩으로써 메주를 쑨다고 해도 안 믿을 거야.
I'm really sorry I couldn't keep my promise. Forget it. From now on, I won't believe you even if you said beans were used to make soybean paste blocks.
그녀는 뛰어난 노래 실력으로써 세계를 놀라게 했다.
She amazed the world with her outstanding singing talent.
제가 선생님께 받은 은혜를 무엇으로써 갚을 수 있겠습니까?
With what could I possibly repay the kindness you've shown me, teacher?
애국선열들은 자신의 희생으로써 자신의 가족들과 국가를 지켜 냈다.
The patriotic martyrs protected their families and their country through their own sacrifice.
Examples: 한국어기초사전, CC BY-SA 2.0 KR.
Don’t confuse with
Forms with a close meaning — a favourite source of wrong answers on TOPIK.
Quick check
1. What does ‘으로써’ mean?
2. Which form means “by means of; with (as material/tool)”?