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Lv 4Grammar expressionSeen on past TOPIK papersIntermediate · TOPIK II

-은 것으로 나타났다

was found to be ~ / results showed that ~

Attaches to a verb stem, using -은 for a completed past event and -는 for an ongoing state, to report an objective finding from research or statistics; typical of news articles, not conversation.

Examples

  • 조사 결과 응답자의 절반이 재택근무를 선호하는 것으로 나타났다.

    The survey showed that half of the respondents prefer working from home.

  • 최근 연구에서 수면 부족이 집중력을 떨어뜨리는 것으로 나타났다.

    A recent study found that lack of sleep lowers concentration.

  • 지난해 온라인 쇼핑 이용자가 크게 늘어난 것으로 나타났다.

    It was found that the number of online shopping users increased significantly last year.

Examples written by Korea TOPIK Center.

Quick check

  1. 1. What does ‘-은 것으로 나타났다’ mean?

  2. 2. Which form means “was found to be ~ / results showed that ~”?